The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) is the U.S. agency responsible for extending assistance to countries that are recovering from disaster, trying to escape poverty, and engaging in democratic reforms. As of February 2025, USAID faces major cuts, freezing $40B in funding and suspended operations for review.

Performative wokeness is the exaggerated belief/attachment to liberal causes e.g. posts on social media, intense backlash, etc.

Co-produced research is conducted by academics from established institutions with stakeholders as resource persons and contributors. Alternatively, self-determined research is conducted by stakeholders using their own methodologies and vernacular absent external influences and imposed frameworks.

"Linguistics institutions within the Philippines have been pushing towards the ""academization"" of the Filipino language. This means adapting the Filipino language for more professional and academic use e.g. creating Filipino translations or equivalents for technical jargon and terminology in different fields."

Preferential voting refers to a system of voting whereby the voter indicates their order of preference for each of the candidates listed on the ballot for a specified office. If no candidate receives a majority of first preferences, the first and second preferences (and, if necessary, third and other preferences) may be counted together until one candidate obtains a majority